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Affixes
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Word Building
The English vocabulary is more extensive than that of most other languages of the world. The Oxford English Dictionary (2nd edition, 1989) contains more than 6,00,000 words. It has been estimated that the present English vocabulary consists of more than 1 million (10,00,000) words in total. We find a lot of borrowed words from every major and numerous minor languages in the English vocabulary. Furthermore, some processes like affixation have led to the creation of many new words. Words in English language, generally, are divided into two: (A) Root Words, and (B) Derived Words. (A) Root Words: book, clean, good etc. (B) Derived Words: kind + ness = kindness, en + courage = encourage etc. In thee above mentioned derived words, we find affixes like ness and en added to the root words kind and courage respectively. These affixes make some internal changes in the root words and form new words. Study the following information regarding affixation and try to understand how they form new words. Noun Makers: Affixes Word Formation --age bond – bondage, mile – mileage, person – personage. --al propose – proposal, refuse – refusal. --ance avoid – avoidance, annoy – annoyance. --dom free – freedom, martyr – martyrdom. --ence indulge – indulgence, differ – difference. --hood brother – brotherhood, neighbour – neighbourhood. --ion nominate – nomination, depress – depression. --ity national – nationality, personal – personality. --ment d...
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